Introduction and Basic Concepts:
Introduction, Objectives, classification and principles of surveying, Scales, Shrinkage of Map, Conventional symbols and Code of Signals, Surveying accessories, phases of surveying.
Measurement of Distances and Directions
Linear distances-
Approximate methods, Direct Methods- Chains- Tapes, ranging, Tape corrections.
Prismatic Compass-
Bearings, included angles, Local Attraction, Magnetic Declination and dip.
Leveling-
Types of levels and levelling staves, temporary adjustments, methods of levelling, booking and Determination of levels, Effect of Curvature of Earth and Refraction.
Contouring-
Characteristics and uses of Contours, methods of contour surveying.
Areas -
Determination of areas consisting of irregular boundary and regular boundary.
Volumes -
Determination of volume of earth work in cutting and embankments for level section, volume of borrow pits, capacity of reservoirs.
Theodolite Surveying:
Types of Theodolites, Fundamental Lines, temporary adjustments, measurement of horizontal angle by repetition method and reiteration method, measurement of vertical Angle, Trigonometrical levelling when base is accessible and inaccessible.
Traversing:
Methods of traversing, traverse computations and adjustments, Omitted measurements.
Curves:
Types of curves and their necessity, elements of simple, compound, reverse, transition and vertical curves.
Tacheometric Surveying:
Principles of Tacheometry, stadia and tangential methods of Tacheometry,
Modern Surveying Methods:
Principle and types of E.D.M. Instruments, Total station- advantages and Applications. Field Procedure for total station survey, Errors in Total Station Survey, Global Positioning System- Principle and Applications.
Photogrammetry Surveying:
Introduction, Basic concepts, perspective geometry of aerial photograph, relief and tilt displacements, terrestrial photogrammetry, flight planning; Stereoscopy, ground control extension for photographic mapping- aerial triangulation, radial triangulation, methods; photographic mapping- mapping using paper prints, mapping using stereoplotting instruments, mosaics, map substitutes.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Chandra A M, “Plane Surveying and Higher Surveying”, New age International Pvt. Ltd., Publishers, New Delhi.
2. Duggal S K, “Surveying (Vol – 1 & 2), Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Co. Ltd. New Delhi.
REFERENCES:
1. Arthur R Benton and Philip J Taety, Elements of Plane Surveying, McGraw Hill.
2. Surveying and levelling by R. Subramanian, Oxford university press, New Delhi
3. Arora K R “Surveying Vol 1, 2 & 3), Standard Book House, Delhi.
4. Surveying (Vol – 1, 2 & 3), by B. C. Punmia, Ashok Kumar Jain and Arun Kumar Jain - Laxmi Publications (P) ltd., New Delhi.
Course Outcomes:
Course will enable the student to: